Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Characterization of BvlzGluc, a Novel Antifungal β-Glucanase from Bacillus velezensis , with Potential Agricultural and Industrial Applications

doi: 10.1101/2025.01.23.634490

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of BvlzGluc on Botrytis cinerea infection in plants. a . Immunocytochemical analysis using an anti-fungal monoclonal primary antibody and a GFP-conjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibody demonstrated the normal distribution of β-glucans in Botrytis cinerea hyphae. In the control samples, the β-glucans formed a regular, continuous, and uniform layer within the cell wall, which is crucial for maintaining cell wall integrity and structural support in the fungus. However, upon treatment with BvlzGluc, significant disruptions in the β-glucan layer were observed. These discontinuities suggest that BvlzGluc interferes with the synthesis or maintenance of β-glucans, likely weakening the fungal cell wall and increasing its vulnerability to external stress. b . Lesion size triggered by B. cinerea on melon leaves after 72 hpi was reduced by 80% upon treatment with BvlzGluc. The whisker plot shows all the measurements (orange dots), medians (black line), and minimum and maximum values (whisker ends). The datasets did not pass the Shapiro‒Wilk test for normality (P > 0.05) and were compared using a nonparametric two-tailed Mann‒Whitney test, with quadruple asterisks indicating significant differences at P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: The blots were probed with a 1:1000 dilution of a rabbit monoclonal anti-His-tag antibody (Rockland).

Techniques: Infection, Control, Whisker Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Npj viruses

Article Title: Automated and virus variant-programmable surrogate test qualitatively compares to the gold standard SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay.

doi: 10.1038/s44298-024-00083-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1 | Schematic diagram of the sVNT for SARS- CoV-2. The capture reagent is a DIG-labeled RBD (red) that binds to the anti-DIG antibody attached to the GNR wall (blue). Capture-protein-specific antibodies (gold) in the serum compete with His- tagged ACE-2 (brown and orange) to decrease the signal. The ACE-2-His bound to the DIG-labeled RBD is measured using a biotinylated anti-His antibody (pink) that produces a fluorescent signal when the biotin binds to a fluorescent streptavidin conjugate (green).

Article Snippet: We determined RBD concentrations using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay (Kit-23227, PierceTM, Thermo Fisher Scientific Rockford, IL) andprepared theDIG-labeled stocks at 10 μg/mL in sample diluent 13 (SD13; part # 896069, ProteinSimple).We determined the half maximal effective concentration at 50% (EC50) of ACE2-His (R&D Systems 933-ZN) for the WT and Delta DIG-S1-RBDs using a Simple PlexTM customizable 48-DIG open cartridge with a dilution series of ACE2-His and 10 μg/mL of each RBD, measuring the relative fluorescence unit (RFU) response with a biotinylated mouse anti-His-tag IgG antibody (R&D Systems BAM050) that was prepared at 3.33 μg/mL in SD13.

Techniques: Labeling